文中测试例子均采用JHotDraw7源码,官网关于 JHotDraw的检测结果:http://pmd.sourceforge.net/reports/jhotdraw_JHotDraw.html
下载地址:https://sourceforge.net/projects/pmd/files/pmd/5.1.0/
安装:解压到任意目录。
3. 使用方法:
3.1 使用命令行:(Windows下)
命令行进入PMD安装目录,bin文件夹,执行命令:
基本命令:pmd -d C:UserslspDesktopsvnjhotdraw7src -f html -R rulesets/java/unusedcode.xml
其中 C:UserslspDesktopsvnjhotdraw7src为所需要分析源码绝对路径,可以是文件夹也可以是单个文件。
-R 表示的采用的检测规则。 此规则都存在于
Rulesets下有多种语言的规则,Java下又包含多种规则,在命令行每次只能检测单个规则(暂时未发现多条规则应用于一次检测),也可以自定义规则,具体怎么定义参见官网。
-f 设置检测结果输出格式,html, xml,text, csv,
该工具默认命令行检测结果输出到控制台,可以通过-r参数导出检测结果:如D:Program Filespmd-bin-5.1.0in>pmd -d C:UserslspDesktopsvnjhotdraw7src -f html -r D:pmdreportPMDoutput.html -R rulesets/java/unusedcode.xml
其他参数:
参数 |
说明 |
默认值 |
-auxclasspath |
specifies the classpath for libraries used by the source code. This is used by the type resolution.Alternatively, a ‘file://’ URL to a text file con |
|
-benchmark, -b |
Benchmark mode – output a benchmark report upon completion; default to System.err |
False |
-dir, -d |
root directory for sources |
|
-encoding, -e |
specifies the character set encoding of the source code files PMD is reading (i.e., UTF-8) |
UTF-8 |
-format, -f |
report format type |
text |
-language, -l |
specify a language PMD should use |
java |
-minimumpriority, -min |
rule priority threshold; rules with lower priority than they will not be used |
Low |
-property, -P |
{name}={value}: define a property for the report |
{} |
-reportfile, -r |
send report output to a file; |
System.out |
-rulesets, -R |
comma separated list of rulesets name to use |
|
-shortnames |
prints shortened filenames in the report |
false |
-showsuppressed |
report should show suppressed rule violations |
false |
-stress, -S |
performs a stress test |
|
-suppressmarker |
specifies the String that marks the a line which PMD should ignore; default is NOPMD |
NOPMD |
-threads, -t |
set the number of threads used by PMD |
1 |
-uri, -u |
Database URI for sources |
|
-debug, -verbose, -D, -V |
Debug mode |
false |
-version, -v |
specify version of a language PMD should use |
1.8 |
3.2 Ant
在项目路径下build.xml文件中加入:
D:Program Filespmd-bin-5.1.0lib为pmd安装路径下的lib
C:UserslspDesktopsvnjhotdraw7src源码路径
D:pmdreportpmd_report.xml分析结果文件
<formatter type=”xml” toFile=”D:pmdreportpmd_report.xml”/> 格式化输出xml
<formatter type=”net.sourceforge.pmd.renderers.HTMLRenderer” toFile=”D:pmdreportfoo.html”/> 格式化输出HTML
<path id="pmd.classpath">
<pathelement location="${build}"/>
<fileset dir="D:Program Filespmd-bin-5.1.0lib">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>
<taskdef name="pmd" classname="net.sourceforge.pmd.ant.PMDTask" classpathref="pmd.classpath"/>
<target name="pmd">
<pmd rulesetfiles="rulesets/java/imports.xml,java-unusedcode">
<formatter type="xml" toFile="D:pmdreportpmd_report.xml"/>
<fileset dir="C:UserslspDesktopsvnjhotdraw7src">
<include name="**/*.java"/>
</fileset>
</pmd>
</target>
3.3 Maven
使用maven插件检测较为简单,只需在pom.xml文件中加入:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
执行mvn pmd:pmd
即可在target文件夹下看到以下文件:
即违反规则的报告文件,每个规则对应一个xml文件。也可以配置规则。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<rulesets>
<ruleset>/rulesets/braces.xml</ruleset>
<ruleset>/rulesets/naming.xml</ruleset>
</rulesets>
</configuration>
</plugin>
3.4 Eclipse Ide
安装网址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pmd/files/pmd-eclipse/update-site/
安装完右键项目或文件:选择PMD->check code即可使用PMD工具检查代码。
选择PMD–>Find suspect cut and paste。检查结果会放在reports目录下