[root@r~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        20G  5.5G   14G  30% /
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
[root@r ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           1        2611    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@r ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1aed48fa.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): 

Command (m for help): p  #打印分区列表

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1aed48fa

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
Command (m for help): m  #m查看帮助
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
1
Invalid partition number for type `1'
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-416101, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-416101, default 416101): 
Using default value 416101

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@r ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        20G  5.5G   14G  30% /
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
[root@r ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           1        2611    20970496   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1aed48fa

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1               1      416101   209714872+  83  Linux

  在使用硬盘之前必须对其分区进行格式化,并挂载:

[root@r ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
13107200 inodes, 52428718 blocks
2621435 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
1600 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@r ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        20G  5.5G   14G  30% /
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
[root@r ~]# mkdir /hdd1
[root@r ~]# mount /dev/vdb1 /hdd1
[root@r ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        20G  5.5G   14G  30% /
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/vdb1       197G  188M  187G   1% /hdd1